Congenital heart defects (CHDs) impact the structure and functioning of the heart. These defects affect how blood flows to and from the heart and the rest of the body. CHD cases range from mild (such as a small hole in the heart) to severe (such as missing or deformed parts of the heart). There are also cases of critical congenital heart defects, which require surgery or other cardiology services in Suffolk County, NY, and elsewhere in the U.S. To commemorate Congenital Heart Defect Awareness Week in 2020, here are some facts about congenital heart defects.
What Is a Congenital Heart Defect?
CHDs are problems with the heart. These defects are present at birth, but symptoms might not show up until adolescence or adulthood. Symptoms include rapid breathing, cyanosis (bluish tint to skin, lips, and fingernails), fatigue, and poor blood circulation. Cardiology specialists will give you a physical exam and use special heart tests to find out whether or not you have congenital heart defects.
Congenital heart defects can impact the walls and valves of the heart and veins near the heart. Blood flow to the heart and body can slow down, travel in the wrong direction or to the wrong place, or become completely blocked. Fortunately, with recent advancements in medicine, there are several treatments for CHDs for people of all ages.
What Causes Congenital Heart Defects?
Research on the causes of congenital heart defects by dedicated cardiologists and other heart specialists continue to this day. In some cases, defects might develop due to changes in single chromosomes or genes. Research has also found that certain heart defects are caused by a combination of genetics and other factors, including medication, alcohol, or drug use during pregnancy, and a viral infection in the mother during the first trimester of pregnancy.
In particular, cardiology studies show there is a link between diabetes and obesity during pregnancy and congenital heart defects. Smoking while pregnant may also cause a higher risk of your baby being born with CHDs.
Treatment of Congenital Heart Defects
There have been significant advancements in medical care and treatment of congenital heart defects. Today, people with CHDs are living healthy, independent lives well into adulthood with little to no difficulty. You could develop disabilities, genetic problems, or 
other health conditions (arrhythmia, heart muscle infection, heart weakness, etc.) over time. This depends on the type, number, and severity of congenital heart defects you were born with.
Treatment for CHD can repair the defects that developed in and around the heart. Initially, treatment begins with surgery. You might need additional operations later on. You will also need to schedule routine checkups with a cardiologist who will help you stay as healthy as possible. Further discussions of your CHD and other heart issues with your primary doctor can be extremely beneficial to your overall health as well.
Peconic Bay Medical Center is one of the best cardiology clinics in Suffolk County, NY, and has more information on congenital heart defects (CHDs). Call 631-548-6446 to schedule an appointment today.